Census on Foreign Liabilities and Assets of Indian Direct Investment Entities for 2025-26

Today, the Reserve Bank released the provisional results of the 2025-26 1 round of the annual census on foreign liabilities and assets (FLA) covering cross-border liabilities and assets of the Indian entities [viz., companies, limited liability partnerships (LLPs), alternative investment funds (AIFs) and partnership firms] with inward/outward direct investment. The FLA census captures detailed information on foreign liabilities and assets in terms of direct investment, portfolio investment and other investments comprising of trade credit, loans, currency & deposits and other payables and receivables accounts, activity sector, sales, purchase, exports, and imports. The variations in outstanding foreign assets / liabilities between the beginning and end of a financial year would be different from flows recorded in India’s balance of payments (BoP) statistics during the year, as the former would also include valuation changes due to price and exchange rate movements.

Key highlights:

Of the total number of Indian entities reporting foreign direct investment (FDI) and/or overseas direct investment (ODI), around 97 per cent entities were unlisted as at end-March 2026, and also held a major share in total FDI equity capital (at face value) in India ( Tables 1 and 2A ).

Non-financial companies accounted for more than 90 per cent of the FDI equity at face value ( Table 2B ).…